6th International Conference on Cancer Research and Treatment

Oncogenesis refers to the complex biological process through which normal, healthy cells transform into cancerous cells. This transformation occurs due to the accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations over time. Disruptions in key cellular signalling pathways regulating cell growth, differentiation, and survival play a central role. Oncogenesis involves the activation of oncogenes and the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. Genomic instability and interactions with the tumour microenvironment further drive malignant progression. Understanding oncogenesis is essential for early cancer detection, prevention strategies, and targeted therapy development.

Molecular Drivers of Cancer Initiation:

This sub-theme examines the activation of oncogenes and the loss of tumour suppressor gene function that trigger malignant transformation. It explores key cellular signalling pathways that regulate proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Understanding these molecular drivers provides critical insight into the earliest stages of cancer development.

Genomic Instability and DNA Damage Response:

This topic addresses the accumulation of genetic mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and defects in DNA repair mechanisms that contribute to oncogenesis. Emphasis is placed on how genomic instability accelerates tumour initiation and clonal evolution. Emerging molecular targets for early intervention and cancer prevention are also highlighted.

Epigenetic Regulation in Oncogenesis:

This sub-theme explores epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, that regulate gene expression without altering DNA sequences. These reversible alterations play a pivotal role in cancer initiation and progression. Understanding epigenetic dysregulation offers new opportunities for targeted and precision therapies.

Tumour Microenvironment and Cancer Evolution:

This section focuses on the complex interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment, including immune cells, stromal components, and signalling mediators. These interactions influence tumour initiation, heterogeneity, and disease progression. A deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Translational Implications and Early Detection:

This sub-theme highlights the translation of oncogenesis research into clinical practice through early biomarkers, risk stratification, and precision diagnostic tools. Discussions emphasise how molecular insights drive targeted therapy development and cancer prevention. It serves as a critical link between basic cancer biology and clinical oncology.